Mange in dogs is caused by parasitic mites present in and on the skin or embedded in the hair follicles depending on the type of mite. There are two species that can be the cause of mange in dogs, but each will cause intense itch and loss of hair. Infested animals will scratch and bite at the affected areas, and can cause openings in the skin that may become infected.

The canine scabies mite is a mite that burrows under the skin. It also affects humans, cats and other types of animals. It may appear more often in dogs that are not cared for well, but is not limited to this. The first appearance of this usually shows as red, crusted patches on the ears and elbows.

The other type found in dogs is caused by the demodex mite. It is normally present on the skin, and may not cause problems. For some dogs that may have a sensitivity or suppressed immune system, these mites can get out of control. If the dog's immune system is unable to fight them off, the mites can overpopulate the skin.

An infestation can be difficult to diagnose. Often, a scraping of the infected areas is taken, and observed under a microscope to confirm the presence of the mites. If this fails and no mites are seen, but a case of mange is still suspected, a simple test can help. Called Pedal Pinna reflex, the dog is scratched around the ears. If the dog's hind legs pedals, or imitates scratching, this can indicate mange.

Any dog that may have these mites should be removed from contact with other pets. All bed material and other things the dog has been in contact with need to be washed or treated. Hot water and a hot dryer are effective, as are sprays to treat items that cannot be washed.

Treatment can consist of several methods, and can be effective at eradicating the mites. Weekly rinses with sulfurated lime have been effected. There are drips that can be applied to the skin that will destroy the mites and their eggs. Oral medications are available as well, but can be lethal for dogs breeds like collies.

Always seek the advice of a veterinary professional if you suspect mange or any other problem with your pet. Many treatments are available only by prescription from a licensed professional, and are the most effective way to restore your dog's health. Most home remedies are ineffective, can be unsafe, and most will fail.

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